What are the factors influencing the learning process?
The factors that influence learning process can be categorised into two, which are internal and external factore. Internal factors are such factors like the environment, relationship, context reward/purnishment and methods. However, internal factors include perception, emotion, attitude, ability. motivation and memory.
While many discussions about learning a second language focus on teaching methodologies, little emphasis is given to the contextual factors -- individual, social, and societal -- that affect students' learning. These contextual factors can be considered from the perspective of the language, the learner, and the learning process. This digest discusses these perspectives as they relate to learning any second language, with a particular focus on how they affect elementary learners of English as a second language.
Language
Several factors related to students' first and second languages shape their second language learning. These factors include the linguistic distance between the two languages, students' level of proficiency in the native language and their knowledge of the second language, the dialect of the native language spoken by the students (whether it is standard or nonstandard), the relative status of the students' language in the community, and societal attitudes toward the students' native language.
Language distance
Specific languages can be more or less difficult to learn, depending on how different from or similar they are to the languages the learner already knows.
languages are placed in categories depending on their average learning difficulty from the perspective of a native English speaker. The basic intensive language course, which brings a student to an intermediate level, can be as short as 24 weeks for languages such as spanish.
who use different writing systems.
Native language proficiency
The student's level of proficiency in the native language including not only oral language and literacy, but also metalinguistic development, training in formal and academic features of language use, and knowledge of rhetorical patterns and variations in genre and style affects acquisition of a second language. The more academically sophisticated the student's native language knowledge and abilities, the easier it will be for that student to learn a second language. This helps explain why foreign exchange students tend to be successful in bilingual school classes: They already have primary school level proficiency in their native language.Students' prior knowledge of the second language is of course a significant factor in their current learning.
For example, a student with informal conversational English skills may have little understanding of English grammatical systems and may need specific instruction in English grammar.
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